Environmental Fallout Dust Monitoring Equipment and Devices
DustWatch
CC - South Africa
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Fallout Dust Monitoring
Practical and Theoretical Training - 1 or 2 day
Training Course -
Contact us for more information
Courses run in the 1st and 3rd week of each month as required.
Some Data
that is not Easily Available.
Excellent humidity and moist air online calculators
http://physics.holsoft.nl/physics/ocmain.htm#densair (Page also available at Calculator for moist air)
http://www.natmus.dk/cons/tp/atmcalc/atmocalc.htm (Page also available at Holsoft's Physics Resources Pages)
http://www.natmus.dk/cons/tp/atmcalc/ATMOCLC1.HTM#vca (Page also available at Moisture in air)
Density Data
If you have sweated
to find data, then please allow it to be added here.
Email
us.
The specific gravity is calculated using a density of water of 997.6466
kg/m3.
SG = density of substance/997.6466.
| Material | Specific Gravity | ||
| Aluminium | cast | 2.569 | |
| Aluminium | wrought | 2.681 | |
| bronze | 7.787 | ||
| Antimony | 6.712 | ||
| Arsenic | 5.748 | ||
| Bismuth | 9.827 | ||
| From | 7.868 | ||
| Brass | cast | to | 8.430 |
| Average | 8.109 | ||
| Brass | Muntz-metal | 8.221 | |
| Brass | naval (rolled) | 8.510 | |
| Brass | sheet | 8.462 | |
| Brass | wire | 8.558 | |
| From | 8.478 | ||
| Bronze (gun metal) |
to | 8.863 | |
| Average | 8.735 | ||
| Copper, | Cast | 8.622 | |
| Copper | hammered | 8.927 | |
| Copper | sheet | 8.815 | |
| Copper | wire | 8.895 | |
| Gold | (pure) | 19.316 | |
| Gold | standard 22 carat fine (Gold 11, copper 1) | 17.502 | |
| Iron | Cast | From | 6.904 |
| to | 7.386 | ||
| Average | 7.209 | ||
| From | 7.547 | ||
| Iron | Wrought | to | 7.803 |
| Average | 7.707 | ||
| Lead | cast | 11.368 | |
| sheet | 11.432 | ||
| Manganese | 8.012 | ||
| Nickel | Cast | 8.285 | |
| rolled | 8.687 | ||
| Platinum | 21.516 | ||
| Silver | 10.517 | ||
| From | 7.820 | ||
| Steel | to | 7.916 | |
| Average | 7.868 | ||
| Tin | 7.418 | ||
| White metal | babbitt's | 7.322 | |
| Zinc | cast | 6.872 | |
| sheet | 7.209 | ||
Woods (at 15 percent moisture
content by mass.)
As a general rule, solids and liquids are usually
quoted by mass, while gasses are quoted by volume)
| Material | Density (kg/m3) | Material | Density (kg/m3) |
| Ash, European | 704.81 | Mahogany, African | 560.65 |
| Beech, European | 720.83 | Mahogany Honduras | 544.63 |
| Birch, European | 672.78 | Oak, American red | 784.90 |
| Boxwood, European | 929.07 | Oak, American white | 768.89 |
| Cork | 240.28 | Oak, English | 720.83 |
| Ebony, Ceylon | 1185.37 | Pine, Yellow | 416.48 |
| Greenheart | 1041.20 | Redwood (Scots Pine) | 512.59 |
| Hornbeam | 768.89 | Teak | 656.76 |
| Larch, European | 592.68 | Whitewood, European | 464.54 |
| Lignum - vitae | 1249.44 |
Stones, Earths, etc.
| Material | Density (kg/m3) | Material | Density (kg/m3) |
| Asphaltum | 1025 - 1794 | Grindstone | 2146.47 |
| Brick, common | 1601 - 2002 | Lime, quick | 832.96 |
| Brick, fire | 2194 - 2402 | Limestone and marble | 2402 - 2867 |
| Cement, Portland | 1281 - 1441 | Mortar, hardened | 1409 - 1890 |
| Clay | 1922 | Mud, dry and close | 1281 - 1762 |
| Concrete | 1922 - 2242 | Mud, wet and fluid | 1665 - 1922 |
| Earth | 1233 - 1922 | Sand, dry | 1409 - 1762 |
| Glass, crown | 2498.88 | Sand, wet | 1890 - 2066 |
| Glass, flint | 2995.45 | Sandstone | 2082 - 2723 |
| Glass, plate | 2707.12 | Victoria stone (crushed) | 2306 |
| Granite | 2627 - 2803 | granite,Portland | 2306 |
| Gravel | 1441 - 2002 | cement, silica | 2306 |
Miscellaneous Substances
| Material | Density (kg/m3) | Material | Density (kg/m3) |
| Bone | 1906.20 | Ivory | 1874.16 |
| Grain, barley | 640.74 | Lard | 948.29 |
| Grain, oats | 528.61 | Leather | 961.11 |
| Grain, wheat | 800.92 | Rosin | 1105.27 |
| Guttapercha | 977.13 | Sulphur | 2002.31 |
| Ice | 919.46 | Tallow | 929.07 |
| Indiarubber | 929.07 | Wax | 969.12 |
Weights of Woods (dry wood)
| Material | Density (kg/m3) | Material | Density (kg/m3) |
| Alder | 528.6 | Elder | 640.7 |
| Almond | 688.8 | Elm, American | 704.8 |
| Greenheart | 1121.3 | Elm, Canadian | 720.8 |
| Ash, American | 640.7 | Elm, Common | 672.8 |
| Ash, European | 688.8 | Fir, Danzig | 608.7 |
| Ash, Mountain | 688.8 | Fir, Riga | 576.7 |
| balsa | 112.1/128.1 | Fir, silver | 480.6 |
| Bamboo | 400.5 | Fir, Spruce | 480.6 |
| Beech, common | 736.8 | Hackmatack | 624.7 |
| Beech, Australian | 528.6 | Hazel | 624.7 |
| Birch, American | 672.8 | Hickery | 800.9 |
| Birch, English | 720.8 | Holly (Holley) | 608.7 |
| Boxwood, Cape | 833.0 | Hornbeam | 720.8 |
| Boxwood, West Indian | 784.9 | Ironwood | 1201.4 |
| Boxwood, Common | 1217.4 | Jarrah | 913.1 |
| Cedar, Cuban | 448.5 | juniper | 592.7 |
| Cedar, Virginian | 528.6 | Lancewood | 913.1 |
| Cedar, Indian | 448.5 | Larch | 608.7 |
| Cherry, American | 576.7 | Lignum-vitae | 1329.5 |
| Cherry, English | 608.7 | Lime or Linden | 512.6 |
| Chestnut, Sweet | 640.7 | Logwood | 913.1 |
| Chestnut, Horse | 560.6 | Mahogany, East Indian | 688.8 |
| Cocus | 1105.3 | Mahogany, Cuban | 752.9 |
| Cogwood | 1073.2 | Mahogany, Australian | 1105.3 |
| Cork | 96.1 | Mahogany, Spanish | 768.9 |
| Cottonwood, American | 544.6 | Maple, Bird's-eye | 576.7 |
| Cypress | 480.6 | Maple, Hard | 672.8 |
| Dogwood | 784.9 | Maple, Soft | 608.7 |
| Ebony | 1169.3 | Oak, African | 945.1 |
Weights of Woods (dry wood) Continued...
| Material | Density (kg/m3) | Material | Density (kg/m3) |
| Oak, American | 720.8 | Rosewood | 881.0 |
| Oak, Danzig | 833.0 | Satinwood | 929.1 |
| Oak, English | 736.8 | Spruce | 480.6 |
| Pine, Pitch | 704.8 | Sycamore | 640.7 |
| Pine, Red | 544.6 | Teak | 800.9 |
| Pine, White | 432.5 | Walnut | 656.8 |
| Pine, Yellow | 528.6 | Whitewood | 528.6 |
| Plane | 560.6 | Willow | 528.6 |
| Poplar | 416.5 | Yew | 833.0 |
Weights of some Liquids
| Material | Density (kg/m3) | Material | Density (kg/m3) |
| Acid, nitric (91%) | 1505.7 | Oils | 929.1 |
| Acid, Sulphuric (87%) | 1794.1 | Paraffin | 897.0 |
| Alcohol | 784.9 | Petrol | 881.0 |
| Benzine | 736.8 | Petrol Refined | 800.9 |
| Gasoline | 672.8 | Water, fresh | 993.1 |
| Mercury | 13599.7 | Water, Salt | 1025.2 |
Weights of some Metals
| Material | Density (kg/m3) | Material | Density (kg/m3) |
| Aluminium | 2579.0 | lead | 10988.7 |
| Brass | 8329.6 | Nickel | 8794.1 |
| Bronze | 8169.4 | Platinum | 21496.8 |
| Copper | 8890.2 | Silver | 10492.1 |
| Gold | 19302.2 | Steel | 7849.0 |
| Gun-metal | 8650.0 | Tin | 7176.3 |
| Iron, cast | 7208.3 | White-metal | 7368.5 |
| Iron, Wrought | 7688.9 | Zinc | 7176.3 |
Weights of some Soils
| Material | Density (kg/m3) | Material | Density (kg/m3) |
| Chalk | 2723.1 | Mud, Wet | 1922.2 |
| Clay | 2162.5 | Sand, dry, loose | 1601.8 |
| Earth, loose | 1201.4 | Sand, wet | 2082.4 |
| Gravel | 1762.0 | Shale | 2563.0 |
| Mud, dry | 1601.8 |
Density of Stones & Masonry
| Material | Density (kg/m3) | Material | Density (kg/m3) |
| Brick, pressed | 2402.8 | Lime mortar | 1681.9 |
| Brick, common | 2002.3 | Limestone, compressed | 2723.1 |
| Brick, soft | 1601.8 | Limestone, granular | 2002.3 |
| Brickwork | 1794.1 | Limestone, loose broken | 1521.8 |
| Cement | 1441.7 | Limestone, walls | 2643.0 |
| Concrete | 2242.6 | Marble | 2723.1 |
| Concrete, reinforced | 2402.8 | Plaster of paris | 2242.6 |
| Concrete, coke breeze | 1441.7 | Rubble masonry | 2242.6 |
| Flint | 2563.0 | Sandstone | 2402.8 |
| Granite | 2723.1 | Sandstone, masonry | 2242.6 |
| Lime | 961.1 | Slate | 2803.2 |
Density of some Miscellaneous Substances
| Material | Density (kg/m3) | Material | Density (kg/m3) |
| Anthracite, broken loose | 865.0 | Grain, Wheat | 768.9 |
| Asbestos | 2995.5 | Grain, barley | 624.7 |
| Asphalt | 1409.6 | Grain, Oats | 512.6 |
| Coal, bituminous | 1361.6 | Hay & straw, in bales | 320.4 |
| Coal, broken, loose | 800.9 | Ice | 913.1 |
| Coke | 720.8 | salt | 720.8 |
| Coke, loose | 480.6 | Sulphur | 2002.3 |
| Flour | 6408.7 | White Lead | 3155.6 |
| Glass, window | 2563.0 | Glass, flint | 3043.5 |
Frequently Asked Questions
Question: Lengths of some substances - How big is sand, an atom, paraffin fume and the size of coffee Beans
Answers:
Looking at your request in particular
1. Sand (See the particle table attached)
2. An Atom varies in size (see the other
two attached pictures). Oxygen has a diameter of about 1.3 Angstrom
(1X10^(-10) meters). You could line up 75 million oxygen atoms in a
distance of 1 centimeter.
3. Paraffin fume also varies in diameter. But the best approximation would
be the C4H10 molecule on the particle size table. Paraffin is any molecule
with the formulae C(n)H(2n+2), with n =4 gives you C4H10. You can then
approximate the diameter by adding the atomic diameters of each molecule,
although there would be some inaccuracy as the molecules are not all in a
straight line. Paraffin is usually made up of particles with n = 20 or more.
4. Size of Coffee Beans: I recommend buying some coffee beans and measuring the size with a ruler.
Visit this website for these densities.
http://www.simetric.co.uk/si_materials.htm
|
Or vist this site http://www.educ.iastate.edu/ci/treg/DaVinci/strategies/as-53.html
for these densities.
| styrofoam | 0.05 g/mL |
| balsa wood | 0.16 g/mL |
| cork | 0.25 g/mL |
| charcoal | 0.40 g/mL |
| pine | 0.55 g/mL |
| snow | 0.56 g/mL |
| gasoline | 0.66 g/mL |
| maple | 0.72 g/mL |
| oak | 0.80 g/mL |
| ice | 0.92 g/mL |
| olive oil | 0.92 g/mL |
| water | 1.00 g/mL |
| coal | 1.50 g/mL |
| sugar | 1.59 g/mL |
| bone | 1.70 g/mL |
| table salt | 2.16 g/mL |
| glass | 2.20 g/mL |
| aluminum | 2.70 g/mL |
| cement | 2.80 g/mL |
| the Earth | 5.50 g/mL |
| steel | 7.80 g/mL |
| iron | 7.90 g/mL |
| brass | 8.40 g/mL |
| nickel | 8.90 g/mL |
| silver | 10.50 g/mL |
| lead | 11.34 g/mL |
| mercury | 13.60 g/mL |
| gold | 19.32 g/mL |
| platinum | 21.40 g/mL |
Miscellaneous Information
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